Here are your definitions:

Gate delay = delay for 1 logic gate.

Propagation delay = time between two points.

Max propagation delay = the slowing path from input to output.

  • This is in terms of the total propagation delay; it’s not necessarily the path w/ the most gates

Propagation delay helps determine “time” two points take to reach each other.

In the below example, the Max Propagation Delay would be 75

How are delays reflected in waveforms?

Like this

  • T indicates the start time / point. T+1 is the end point.

The ideal wave diagram will have “0” delay (so the changes go up/down instantly) right when the inputs also change (Time T). However when considering delays, the actual output is realized at a delay (Time T + 1)